In the permanently frozen ground of northern Siberia, Alaska and the Yukon Territory (NW Canada), one has found many fresh, well-preserved bones, skeletons and whole frozen bodies of large animals. When have they lived up there? Why have they perished? Have they perished, because they have fallen into ice-holes, while grazing on the dry "periglacial steppe-tundra"? Or have they bogged down in mud-holes? How likely is it that the bones, the whole skeleton or even the whole body of a large mammal in the dry steppe is preserved? Have these tens of thousands of fresh bones been preserved from many hundreds of thousands of years.